ACT or SAT? The Key Differences for Aussie Students Explained

If you’re an Australian high school student aiming for university in the United States, you’ve likely come across two major tests: the SAT and the ACT. Unlike the ATAR, which is specific to Australia, the SAT and ACT are standardised exams that US universities use to compare students from all over the world. They serve the same purpose and are equally accepted by all major US universities. But they are not the same, and choosing between them can feel confusing. This guide will walk you through the key differences, how to sit these exams from Australia, and how to choose which one might suit you best.

Understanding the SAT and ACT

The SAT and ACT are both standardised tests that assess your readiness for university-level study. They test similar academic skills in areas like reading, writing, and maths. The ACT also includes a science section. Many universities have become test-optional in recent years, which means submitting a score is not required. But submitting a strong SAT or ACT score can still help demonstrate your academic ability, particularly if you’re applying from a different curriculum like the HSC, VCE, or IB.

Format and Structure

The SAT is a digital-only test taken at test centres, lasting 2 hours and 14 minutes. It includes two sections: Reading and Writing (64 minutes, 54 questions) and Maths (70 minutes, 44 questions). The ACT can be taken digitally or on paper and runs for 2 hours and 5 minutes if you exclude the optional sections. It includes four sections: English (35 minutes, 50 questions), Maths (50 minutes, 45 questions), Reading (40 minutes, 36 questions), and Science (40 minutes, 40 questions). There is also an optional Writing section lasting 40 minutes.

Time Per Question

One of the biggest differences between the two tests is pacing. On the SAT, you’ll have approximately 1 minute and 22 seconds per question. On the ACT, you’ll have about 57 seconds per question. This makes the ACT more fast-paced, favouring students who can work quickly under pressure.

Scoring Systems

The SAT is scored out of 1600, with each of the two main sections contributing up to 800 points. The ACT is scored on a scale from 1 to 36, with your final score being the average of your four section scores. Universities convert these scores using concordance tables, so there is no advantage in choosing one scale over the other.

What Each Test Suits Best

The SAT is ideal for students who prefer fewer, more complex questions and who like having more time per question. If your strongest subject is maths or if you excel at reading comprehension, the SAT might suit your strengths. On the other hand, the ACT is a better fit for students who work quickly, have broad academic knowledge, and are strong in science. Its questions tend to be more straightforward and its structure rewards speed and endurance.

Availability in Australia

Both the SAT and ACT are available to students in Australia. The SAT is offered in cities like Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, and Perth, typically seven times a year. The ACT is offered on similar dates, with a choice between paper and digital formats depending on the centre. It’s important to register early to secure a seat at your preferred location. Most students sit the test in Year 10, Year 11 or early Year 12 to allow time for a possible retake.

How to Decide

To decide between the SAT and ACT, the best approach is to try a full-length practice test for both. This gives you a realistic sense of which test feels more natural and which one you perform better on. Even if the content overlaps, the style and pacing can make a big difference. Once you know which test plays to your strengths, focus your preparation on that one.

Neither test is required for UK universities or for Australian admissions, so you only need to sit one if you’re applying to the US or a few other international universities. It’s also not necessary to sit both. Choose the one that suits you best and focus your efforts there. You’ll only need one strong score to support your application.

Final Thoughts

For Australian students, the SAT and ACT are both accessible and manageable with the right preparation. Start early, practise regularly, and be honest about your strengths. Understanding your own academic profile is the key to making the right choice. If you’re still unsure, we’re here to help. At Ed Carpet, we specialise in guiding Australian students through every step of the US and UK university admissions process, including standardised testing. Book a free consultation and let us help you navigate your overseas study journey with confidence.